Electrical Outdoor Substations Power

By the end of the program, participants will be able to: 

1. Understand key electrical parameters and fundamental operation of power systems
2. Foresee localized interruptions, widespread outages and regional blackouts
3. Examine case studies that include a list of modifications designed to minimize outages

Customer Equipment and Service Requirements: 

• Single phase 120 and 240 volt equipment
• Three phase  277/480 volt equipment
• Medium voltage, 13 KV, equipment
• High Voltage, 138 KV, equipment
• Power quality
• Reliability
• Customer Load Types

Distribution System Design and Operation: 

• Voltage and current ratings
• Overhead lines and components
• Wire, cable and support structures
• Electrical clearance considerations
• Circuit reclosers and fuses
• Air break switches
• Surge and lightning protection
• Underground lines and components
• Cable and duct banks
• Fuses and sectionalizers
• Insulated  switches
• Surge and lightning protection
• Submersible and Padmounted Components
• Distribution System Operation – General Concepts
• Short circuit detection and isolation
• Load and voltage control
• Power factor correction (capacitors)
• Voltage regulators
• Distribution system efficiency
• Distribution System Operation – Radial Systems
• Distribution System Operation – Networked Systems
• Distribution System Operation – Automated Systems
• Distribution System Operation – With SMART Grid Enhancements
• Distribution System Operation – With Distributed, Renewable Generation
• Distribution System Operation – Cold Load Pickup

Transmission System Design and Operation: 

• Voltage and current ratings
• Voltage Control
• Overhead lines and components
• Wire, cable and support structures
• Electrical clearance considerations
• Air break switches
• Surge and lightning protection
• Underground lines and components
• Cable and duct banks
• Insulated  switches
• Surge and lightning protection
• Transmission system operation
• Short circuit detection and isolation
• Load and voltage control
• Economic dispatch of generators
• Power factor correction
• Voltage control with generators
• Transmission system efficiency
• System stability considerations
• Reactive Power Requirements
• FIDVR  (Fault Induced Delayed Voltage Recovery)

Substation Design and Operation: 

• Voltage and current ratings
• Voltage Control
• VTs (Voltage Transformers)
• CTs (Current Transformers)
• Transformer connections and ratings
• Switchyard Configurations
• Substation Configurations
• Outdoor, Open Air, substations
• Electrical clearance considerations
• Instrumentation and Controls
• Circuit breakers and ratings
• Circuit switchers and circuit interrupters
• Protective relaying
• Air break switches
• Zones of protection
• Surge and lightning protection
• Indoor, enclosed, substations
• Switchgear designs
• GIS (Gas Insulated Substation) designs
• Phase bus designs and ratings
• Electrical clearance considerations
• Substation operation
• Bus configurations
• Transformer and bus redundancy
• Single failure analysis
• Short circuit detection and isolation
• Circuit breaker failure considerations
• Substation Operation – Radial Systems
• Substation Operation – Networked Systems
• Substation Operation – With Automated Distribution Systems
• Substation Operation – With SMART Grid Enhancements
• Substation Operation – With Distributed, Renewable Generation
• Substation Operation – Arc Flash Considerations

• The Training lectures.
• The Group discussions.
• The Training Workshops.